Part 3 of 4

The sounds of English

The music of English lives in its sounds. In this part you practice vowels, diphthongs, consonants and word stress, and then you put everything together: prolong, stress, connect.

Tap play and listen: long vowels, one strong syllable, and words that connect.

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1

Vowel sounds: tense or relaxed?

Spanish has five vowel sounds. American English has many more, and the letters do not always tell you the sound. The biggest difference is between tense, long vowels and relaxed, short vowels.

Tense and long

More muscle tension. You hold the sound longer.

  • sheep, food, car, walk

Relaxed and short

Less tension. The sound is shorter.

  • ship, foot, cut, egg

PROFT · REFERENCE CHART

Vowel sounds in English

Tip: the schwa /ə/ is the most common sound in English. It appears in unstressed syllables with any vowel letter: again, open, lemon.

Practice 1

Listen and choose the word you hear. After you answer, play both words to compare them.

Practice 2: odd one out

Listen to the four words. Which word has a different vowel sound?

2

Diphthongs: two sounds in one

A diphthong starts with one vowel sound and glides into another in the same syllable. Move your mouth: bike is not /bik/, it is /baɪk/.

PROFT · REFERENCE CHART

Diphthongs in English

Be careful with OW: it can be /aʊ/ as in cow or /oʊ/ as in snow. Listen to the word to know which one it is.

Practice 3

Listen to each word and choose its diphthong.

3

Consonant sounds

In English, consonants are strong and they mark the rhythm of the word. These are the sounds that need the most attention for Spanish speakers.

PROFT · REFERENCE CHART

Consonant sounds in English

P · T · K

At the start of a stressed syllable, they are strong, with a puff of air.

pen, time, key
FLAP T

Between vowels, T and D sound like a quick, soft /d/.

better, city, water
GLOTTAL STOP

In words like button, the T becomes a short stop in the throat.

button, mountain
B and V

B uses both lips. V uses your top teeth on your bottom lip.

berry / very, best / vest
TH: θ and ð

Put your tongue between your teeth. θ has no voice, ð has voice.

think / this
NG and Z

NG ends in the back of the mouth, with no /g/. Many S letters sound like /z/.

sing, king, easy, busy

Practice 4

Listen and choose the correct answer.

4

Word stress: one strong syllable

Every English word with two or more syllables has one strong syllable: it is longer, louder and clearer. The other syllables are soft, and their vowels often reduce to /ə/.

One strong syllable

comPUter: clear and marked.

The others are soft

They reduce and lose force: cəm-PU-tər.

comPUter   PHOtograph   phoTOGrapher

Practice 5

Listen to each word and tap the strong syllable.

5

Sounds in context

One sound can change the whole meaning: ship or sheep, best or vest. Use the context to choose the right word, and then say it with the right sound.

Listen and fill in the blanks

Play each sentence and fill in the blank. The box has pairs of words that sound similar, so choose carefully. Tap a word to hear it and put it in the blank, or type it.

Vocabulary box

Minimal pairs. Tap a word to hear it. Half of the words are extra.

6

Prolong, stress, connect

These three habits make the biggest difference. Use them together in every sentence.

PROLONG

Hold the tense, long vowels: need, keep, food, car.

STRESS

Make one syllable strong in each word, and one word strong in each group.

CONNECT

Link the words. Speak in groups, not word by word.

PROLONG · STRESS · CONNECT

Listen with the marks, repeat each sentence, and then hide the marks and say it again.

prolong: need, leave, three

stress: VE-ry, im-POR-tant, MEE-ting

connect: pi-ki-tup, pu-ti-taway

flap T: wa-der, ci-dy, be-der

sounds: θ think, ð this, dʒ job, tʃ choice, ɔɪ choice
7

Final quiz

Ten questions to review Part 3. Listen to each one before you answer.

How much did you learn?

Tap the audio button, listen and choose your answer. You will see the explanation right away.

8

Consolidation: read and pronounce

Consolida lo que practicaste. Escucha el modelo, toca Dilo y di cada frase en voz alta. La app revisa tu pronunciación y marca cualquier palabra que no escuchó con claridad. Si escucha un homófono, como son en lugar de sun, cuenta como correcto, porque las dos palabras suenan igual.

Practiced: 0/8Correct: 0/8Works best in Chrome or Edge. The browser asks for the microphone the first time.

LEVEL 1 · THE MUSIC OF ENGLISH · MINI COURSE

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